Effect of  Lachancea thermotolerans  on the Formation of Polymeric Pigments during Sequential Fermentation with  Schizosaccharosmyces pombe  and  Saccharomyces cerevisiae .
Anthocyanins in red grape musts may evolve during the winemaking process and wine aging for several different reasons; colour stability and evolution is a complex process that may depend on grape variety, winemaking technology, fermentative yeast selection, co-pigmentation phenomena and polymerization. The condensation of flavanols with anthocyanins may occur either with the flavylium ion or with the hemiacetal formation in order to produce oligomers and polymers. The kinetics of the reaction are enhanced by the presence of metabolic acetaldehyde, promoting the formation of pyranoanthocyanin-type dimers or flavanol-ethyl-anthocyanin structures. The experimental design carried out using white must corrected with the addition of malvidin-3- O -glucoside and flavanols, suggests that non- Saccharomyces  yeasts are able to provide increased levels of colour intensity and larger polymeric pigment ratios and polymerization indexes. The selection of non- Saccharomyces  genera, in particular  Lachancea thermotolerans  and  Schizosaccharomyces pombe  in sequential fermentation, have provided experimental wines with increased fruity esters, as well as producing wines with potential pigment compositions, even though there is an important reduction of total anthocyanins.
Escott C, Morata A, Ricardo-da-Silva JM, Callejo MJ, González MDC, Suarez-Lepe JA