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protein coding gene - crm1 (SPAC1805.17) - karyopherin/importin beta family nuclear export signal receptor Crm1

Gene summary

Standard name
crm1
Systematic ID
SPAC1805.17
Product
karyopherin/importin beta family nuclear export signal receptor Crm1
Organism
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast)
Synonyms
caf2, SPAC1B2.01, bar1, mts10, caf7
UniProt ID
P14068
ORFeome ID
30/30C01
Characterisation status
biological role published
Feature type
mRNA gene
Genomic location
chromosome I: 2803924..2808253 forward strand

Annotation

Comment

PBO:0001741 - target of leptomycin B

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Complementation

PBO:0091414 - functionally complemented by human XPO1

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GO biological process

GO:0006611 - protein export from nucleus

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GO:0000055 - ribosomal large subunit export from nucleus

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GO:0000056 - ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus

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GO cellular component

GO:0005829 - cytosol

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GO:0005635 - nuclear envelope

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GO:0034399 - nuclear periphery

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GO:0005634 - nucleus

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GO molecular function

GO:0005525 - GTP binding

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GO:0005049 - nuclear export signal receptor activity

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GO:0005515 - protein binding

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GO:0031267 - small GTPase binding

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Modification

MOD:00905 - modified L-cysteine residue

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MOD:00696 - phosphorylated residue

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Multi-locus phenotype

FYPO:0000838 - normal protein localization to nucleus during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000783 - protein mislocalized to cytoplasm during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0005000 - protein mislocalized to nucleus during mitotic interphase

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Genotypes:

Protein features

PBO:0111795 - importin family

Qualitative gene expression

PomGeneEx:0000018 - protein level increased

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PomGeneEx:0000011 - RNA level increased

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Quantitative gene expression

PBO:0006310 - protein level

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PBO:0011963 - RNA level

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Single locus phenotype

FYPO:0001779 - abnormal centromere clustering at nuclear periphery during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000159 - abnormal chromosome condensation

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000848 - abnormal chromosome morphology during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000059 - abnormal mitotic cell cycle

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000810 - abnormal nucleus organization

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001338 - abnormal nucleus positioning during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000117 - abnormal septum assembly

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001863 - abolished leptomycin B binding

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001921 - abolished protein export from nucleus

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000446 - cell cycle arrest at mitotic G2/M phase transition

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000082 - decreased cell population growth at high temperature

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000080 - decreased cell population growth at low temperature

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000303 - decreased conjugation frequency

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000476 - decreased frequency of meiosis

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001920 - decreased protein export from nucleus

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0006743 - decreased protein localization to nucleus during cellular response to osmotic stress

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0006744 - decreased protein localization to nucleus during cellular response to tschimganine

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001117 - decreased RNA level during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000581 - decreased spore germination frequency

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000223 - elongated multiseptate vegetative cell

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0004062 - increased duration of protein phosphorylation during cellular response to salt stress

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000255 - increased nuclear protein level during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000836 - increased protein level

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001327 - increased protein level during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001130 - increased protein localization to nucleus during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000825 - increased RNA level during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000650 - increased septation index

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000314 - inviable after spore germination with elongated germ tube

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001042 - inviable after spore germination, single or double cell division

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0002076 - inviable elongated cell with fragmented nucleus and increased septum thickness

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000839 - inviable elongated mononucleate aseptate cell

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0002061 - inviable vegetative cell population

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001387 - loss of viability at high temperature

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001522 - normal growth on caffeine

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001236 - normal growth on cycloheximide

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001164 - normal growth on glucose carbon source

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001523 - normal growth on leptomycin B

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001238 - normal growth on staurosporine

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001918 - normal growth on trifluoperazine

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000833 - normal protein level during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0004063 - normal protein localization to cytoplasm during cellular response to salt stress

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000838 - normal protein localization to nucleus during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001246 - normal RNA level during cellular response to hydrogen peroxide

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001357 - normal vegetative cell population growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0002073 - protein mislocalized to nucleus during cellular response to copper ion

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000784 - protein mislocalized to nucleus during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000067 - resistance to brefeldin A

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000073 - resistance to caffeine

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0004025 - resistance to carbendazim

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000068 - resistance to K-252a

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000765 - resistance to leptomycin B

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000766 - resistance to N-ethylmaleimide

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000767 - resistance to staurosporine

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0006735 - resistance to tschimganine

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000098 - sensitive to calcium

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000087 - sensitive to hydrogen peroxide

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000088 - sensitive to hydroxyurea

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000714 - sensitive to leptomycin B

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000268 - sensitive to UV during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001234 - slow vegetative cell population growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0006736 - stationary phase viability unaffected by tschimganine

References:

Genotypes:

Taxonomic conservation

PBO:0011065 - conserved in eukaryotes

PBO:0011071 - conserved in eukaryotes only

PBO:0011064 - conserved in fungi

PBO:0011069 - conserved in metazoa

PBO:0011070 - conserved in vertebrates

PBO:0006222 - predominantly single copy (one to one)

Protein features

IDNameInterPro nameDB name
PF08767CRM1_CXPO1_C_domPFAM
PF18784CRM1_repeat_2Exp1_repeat_2PFAM
PF18787CRM1_repeat_3XPO1_repeat_3PFAM
PF18777CRM1_repeatCRM1_repeatPFAM
PF08389Xpo1Exportin-1/Importin-b-likePFAM
PF03810IBN_NImportin-beta_NPFAM
PS50166IMPORTIN_B_NTImportin-beta_NPROSITE_PROFILES
SM01102CRM1_C_2XPO1_C_domSMART
SM00913IBN_N_2Importin-beta_NSMART
G3DSA:1.25.10.10:FF:000022FUNFAM
SSF48371ARM repeatARM-type_foldSUPERFAMILY
G3DSA:1.25.10.10ARM-likeGENE3D
PTHR11223EXPORTIN 1/5XPO1/5PANTHER

Orthologs

References / Literature

PMID:23322785 - The fission yeast minichromosome maintenance (MCM)-binding protein (MCM-BP), Mcb1, regulates MCM function during prereplicative complex formation in DNA replication.
Santosa V et al. J Biol Chem 2013 Mar 08;288(10):6864-80
PMID:26771498 - A Proteome-wide Fission Yeast Interactome Reveals Network Evolution Principles from Yeasts to Human.
Vo TV et al. Cell 2016 Jan 14;164(1-2):310-323
PMID:7646493 - Characterization of a novel Schizosaccharomyces pombe multidrug resistance transporter conferring brefeldin A resistance.
Turi TG et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995 Aug 15;213(2):410-8
PMID:10430904 - Leptomycin B inactivates CRM1/exportin 1 by covalent modification at a cysteine residue in the central conserved region.
Kudo N et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999 Aug 03;96(16):9112-7
PMID:20473289 - Analysis of a genome-wide set of gene deletions in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Kim DU et al. Nat Biotechnol 2010 Jun;28(6):617-623
PMID:23209828 - Fission yeast 26S proteasome mutants are multi-drug resistant due to stabilization of the Pap1 transcription factor.
Penney M et al. PLoS One 2012;7(11):e50796
PMID:2647765 - Higher order chromosome structure is affected by cold-sensitive mutations in a Schizosaccharomyces pombe gene crm1+ which encodes a 115-kD protein preferentially localized in the nucleus and its periphery.
Adachi Y et al. J Cell Biol 1989 Apr;108(4):1195-207
PMID:28031482 - Involvement of fission yeast Pdc2 in RNA degradation and P-body function.
Wang CY et al. RNA 2017 Apr;23(4):493-503
PMID:29900664 - Tschimganine and its derivatives extend the chronological life span of yeast via activation of the Sty1 pathway.
Hibi T et al. Genes Cells 2018 Jun 14;
PMID:39367033 - Quantitative proteomics and phosphoproteomics profiling of meiotic divisions in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Sivakova B et al. Sci Rep 2024 Oct 04;14(1):23105
PMID:1448080 - Fission yeast pap1-dependent transcription is negatively regulated by an essential nuclear protein, crm1.
Toda T et al. Mol Cell Biol 1992 Dec;12(12):5474-84
PMID:16540522 - Nuclear RanGAP is required for the heterochromatin assembly and is reciprocally regulated by histone H3 and Clr4 histone methyltransferase in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Nishijima H et al. Mol Biol Cell 2006 Jun;17(6):2524-36
PMID:14758541 - The transcription factor Pap1/Caf3 plays a central role in the determination of caffeine resistance in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Benko Z et al. Mol Genet Genomics 2004 Mar;271(2):161-70
PMID:19502236 - Both Php4 function and subcellular localization are regulated by iron via a multistep mechanism involving the glutaredoxin Grx4 and the exportin Crm1.
Mercier A et al. J Biol Chem 2009 Jul 24;284(30):20249-62
PMID:24478458 - The checkpoint-dependent nuclear accumulation of Rho1p exchange factor Rgf1p is important for tolerance to chronic replication stress.
Muñoz S et al. Mol Biol Cell 2014 Apr;25(7):1137-50
PMID:10485849 - Fission yeast condensin complex: essential roles of non-SMC subunits for condensation and Cdc2 phosphorylation of Cut3/SMC4.
Sutani T et al. Genes Dev 1999 Sep 01;13(17):2271-83
PMID:10329722 - A novel nuclear export signal sensitive to oxidative stress in the fission yeast transcription factor Pap1.
Kudo N et al. J Biol Chem 1999 May 21;274(21):15151-8
PMID:12896976 - Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells lacking the Ran-binding protein Hba1 show a multidrug resistance phenotype due to constitutive nuclear accumulation of Pap1.
Castillo EA et al. J Biol Chem 2003 Oct 17;278(42):40565-72
PMID:16537923 - Sterol regulatory element binding protein is a principal regulator of anaerobic gene expression in fission yeast.
Todd BL et al. Mol Cell Biol 2006 Apr;26(7):2817-31
PMID:21511999 - Comparative functional genomics of the fission yeasts.
Rhind N et al. Science 2011 May 20;332(6032):930-6
PMID:11318103 - Sequence of Crm1/exportin 1 mutant alleles reveals critical sites associated with multidrug resistance.
Carobbio S et al. Curr Genet 2001 Feb;39(1):2-9
PMID:12181336 - Cytoplasmic localization of Wis1 MAPKK by nuclear export signal is important for nuclear targeting of Spc1/Sty1 MAPK in fission yeast.
Nguyen AN et al. Mol Biol Cell 2002 Aug;13(8):2651-63
PMID:23101633 - Quantitative analysis of fission yeast transcriptomes and proteomes in proliferating and quiescent cells.
Marguerat S et al. Cell 2012 Oct 26;151(3):671-83
PMID:29083304 - Prolyl dihydroxylation of unassembled uS12/Rps23 regulates fungal hypoxic adaptation.
Clasen SJ et al. Elife 2017 Oct 30;6
PMID:8388878 - Cell cycle-dependent specific positioning and clustering of centromeres and telomeres in fission yeast.
Funabiki H et al. J Cell Biol 1993 Jun;121(5):961-76
PMID:8569688 - Caffeine-resistance in fission yeast is caused by mutations in a single essential gene, crm1+.
Kumada K et al. Mol Gen Genet 1996 Jan 15;250(1):59-68
PMID:9368044 - Molecular cloning and cell cycle-dependent expression of mammalian CRM1, a protein involved in nuclear export of proteins.
Kudo N et al. J Biol Chem 1997 Nov 21;272(47):29742-51
PMID:9894913 - Cloning of caf1+, caf2+ and caf4+ from Schizosaccharomyces pombe: their involvement in multidrug resistance, UV and pH sensitivity.
Benko Z et al. Mol Gen Genet 1998 Dec;260(5):434-43
PMID:12100563 - Diethylmaleate activates the transcription factor Pap1 by covalent modification of critical cysteine residues.
Castillo EA et al. Mol Microbiol 2002 Jul;45(1):243-54
PMID:17384198 - Crm1-mediated nuclear export of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe transcription factor Cuf1 during a shift from low to high copper concentrations.
Beaudoin J et al. Eukaryot Cell 2007 May;6(5):764-75
PMID:18799626 - Fission yeast kinesin-8 Klp5 and Klp6 are interdependent for mitotic nuclear retention and required for proper microtubule dynamics.
Unsworth A et al. Mol Biol Cell 2008 Dec;19(12):5104-15
GO_REF:0000002 - Comments
PMID:20133687 - Synergistic roles of the proteasome and autophagy for mitochondrial maintenance and chronological lifespan in fission yeast.
Takeda K et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010 Feb 23;107(8):3540-5
GO_REF:0000033 - Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
PMID:37615341 - Schizosaccharomyces pombe Rtf2 is important for replication fork barrier activity of RTS1 via splicing of Rtf1 .
Budden AM et al. Elife 2023 Aug 24;12
PMID:8119981 - Leptomycin B targets a regulatory cascade of crm1, a fission yeast nuclear protein, involved in control of higher order chromosome structure and gene expression.
Nishi K et al. J Biol Chem 1994 Mar 04;269(9):6320-4
PMID:30321377 - Proteomic profiling and functional characterization of post-translational modifications of the fission yeast RNA exosome.
Telekawa C et al. Nucleic Acids Res 2018 Nov 30;46(21):11169-11183
PMID:9585505 - Regulation of the fission yeast transcription factor Pap1 by oxidative stress: requirement for the nuclear export factor Crm1 (Exportin) and the stress-activated MAP kinase Sty1/Spc1.
Toone WM et al. Genes Dev 1998 May 15;12(10):1453-63
PMID:10588642 - Nuclear localization of Schizosaccharomyces pombe Mcm2/Cdc19p requires MCM complex assembly.
Pasion SG et al. Mol Biol Cell 1999 Dec;10(12):4043-57
PMID:10930468 - Analysis of mid1p, a protein required for placement of the cell division site, reveals a link between the nucleus and the cell surface in fission yeast.
Paoletti A et al. Mol Biol Cell 2000 Aug;11(8):2757-73
PMID:10233152 - Active nucleocytoplasmic shuttling required for function and regulation of stress-activated kinase Spc1/StyI in fission yeast.
Gaits F et al. Mol Biol Cell 1999 May;10(5):1395-407
PMID:9211790 - Caffeine-resistance in S. pombe: mutations in three novel caf genes increase caffeine tolerance and affect radiation sensitivity, fertility, and cell cycle.
Benko Z et al. Curr Genet 1997 Jun;31(6):481-7
PMID:16823372 - ORFeome cloning and global analysis of protein localization in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Matsuyama A et al. Nat Biotechnol 2006 Jul;24(7):841-7
PMID:23697806 - A genome-wide resource of cell cycle and cell shape genes of fission yeast.
Hayles J et al. Open Biol 2013 May 22;3(5):130053
PMID:29958883 - Role of nucleocytoplasmic transport in interphase microtubule organization in fission yeast.
Kume K et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018 Sep 05;503(2):1160-1167
PMID:19696784 - Nucleocytoplasmic transport of Alp7/TACC organizes spatiotemporal microtubule formation in fission yeast.
Sato M et al. EMBO Rep 2009 Oct;10(10):1161-7
PMID:21340088 - Microarray-based target identification using drug hypersensitive fission yeast expressing ORFeome.
Arita Y et al. Mol Biosyst 2011 May;7(5):1463-72
PMID:24763107 - Absolute proteome and phosphoproteome dynamics during the cell cycle of Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission Yeast).
Carpy A et al. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014 Aug;13(8):1925-36
PMID:12376568 - An evolutionarily conserved fission yeast protein, Ned1, implicated in normal nuclear morphology and chromosome stability, interacts with Dis3, Pim1/RCC1 and an essential nucleoporin.
Tange Y et al. J Cell Sci 2002 Nov 15;115(Pt 22):4375-85
GO_REF:0000051 - S. pombe keyword mapping
PMID:7929079 - Brefeldin A sensitivity and resistance in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Isolation of multiple genes conferring resistance.
Turi TG et al. J Biol Chem 1994 Sep 30;269(39):24229-36