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protein coding gene - atg9 (SPBC15D4.07c) - autophagy associated phospholipid scramblase Atg9

Gene summary

Standard name
atg9
Systematic ID
SPBC15D4.07c
Product
autophagy associated phospholipid scramblase Atg9
Organism
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast)
Synonyms
apg9
UniProt ID
O74312
ORFeome ID
27/27H08
Characterisation status
biological role published
Feature type
mRNA gene
Genomic location
chromosome II: 3023343..3025771 reverse strand

Annotation

GO biological process

GO:0000045 - autophagosome assembly

References:

GO:0016236 - macroautophagy

References:

GO:0000423 - mitophagy

References:

GO:0034727 - piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus

References:

GO:0017121 - plasma membrane phospholipid scrambling

References:

GO:0061709 - reticulophagy

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GO cellular component

GO:0005776 - autophagosome

References:

GO:0030659 - cytoplasmic vesicle membrane

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GO:0005789 - endoplasmic reticulum membrane

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GO:0000329 - fungal-type vacuole membrane

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GO:0000139 - Golgi membrane

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GO:0000407 - phagophore assembly site

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GO:0034045 - phagophore assembly site membrane

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GO molecular function

GO:0017128 - phospholipid scramblase activity

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Modification

MOD:00006 - N-glycosylated residue

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MOD:00046 - O-phospho-L-serine

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MOD:00047 - O-phospho-L-threonine

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MOD:00048 - O4'-phospho-L-tyrosine

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Protein sequence feature

SO:0001812 - transmembrane_helix

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Qualitative gene expression

PomGeneEx:0000011 - RNA level increased

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Quantitative gene expression

PBO:0006310 - protein level

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PBO:0011963 - RNA level

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Single locus phenotype

FYPO:0004670 - abnormal macroautophagy during nitrogen starvation

References:

Genotypes:

FYPO:0010058 - abnormal nuclear envelope morphology during cellular response to nitrogen starvation

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000380 - abolished macroautophagy

References:

Genotypes:

FYPO:0004671 - abolished protein localization to vacuole during nitrogen starvation

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0009053 - decreased cell population growth on glutamate nitrogen source

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0009091 - decreased cell population growth on lysine and proline nitrogen source

References:

Genotypes:

FYPO:0000708 - decreased mating efficiency

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0002615 - decreased protein localization to pre-autophagosomal structure

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0006376 - decreased protein processing during nitrogen starvation

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001422 - decreased protein processing during vegetative growth

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000584 - decreased sporulation frequency

References:

Genotypes:

FYPO:0008427 - increased protein level during cellular response to sulfur starvation

References:

Genotypes:

FYPO:0000245 - loss of viability in stationary phase

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0006293 - normal protein localization via NVT pathway

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000763 - resistance to cadmium

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000725 - resistance to methyl methanesulfonate

References:

Genotypes:

FYPO:0003383 - resistance to tert-butyl hydroperoxide

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0000095 - sensitive to bleomycin

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0009080 - sensitive to calcofluor and sodium dodecyl sulfate

References:

Genotypes:

FYPO:0000104 - sensitive to cycloheximide

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0001719 - sensitive to lithium

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0007924 - sensitive to potassium chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate

References:

Genotypes:

FYPO:0002328 - sensitive to terbinafine

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0002060 - viable vegetative cell population

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Genotypes:

FYPO:0002177 - viable vegetative cell with normal cell morphology

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Genotypes:

Taxonomic conservation

PBO:0011065 - conserved in eukaryotes

PBO:0011071 - conserved in eukaryotes only

PBO:0011064 - conserved in fungi

PBO:0011069 - conserved in metazoa

PBO:0011070 - conserved in vertebrates

PBO:0006222 - predominantly single copy (one to one)

Protein features

IDNameInterPro nameDB name
PF04109ATG9Autophagy-rel_prot_9Pfam
PTHR13038Autophagy-rel_prot_9PANTHER
Transmembrane alpha helixDeepTMHMM
mobidb-lite-Disorderdisorder_predictionMobiDB-Disorder
mobidb-lite-Low-complexitydisorder_predictionMobiDB-Low-complexity
mobidb-lite-Negative-Polyelectrolytedisorder_predictionMobiDB-Negative-Polyelectrolyte
mobidb-lite-Polardisorder_predictionMobiDB-Polar

Orthologs

References / Literature

PMID:33313903 - Ribosome profiling reveals ribosome stalling on tryptophan codons and ribosome queuing upon oxidative stress in fission yeast.
Rubio A et al. Nucleic Acids Res 2021 Jan 11;49(1):383-399
PMID:34296454 - The TOR-dependent phosphoproteome and regulation of cellular protein synthesis.
Mak T et al. EMBO J 2021 Aug 16;40(16):e107911
PMID:22633491 - Mapping N-glycosylation sites across seven evolutionarily distant species reveals a divergent substrate proteome despite a common core machinery.
Zielinska DF et al. Mol Cell 2012 May 25;46(4):542-8
PMID:11152613 - Predicting transmembrane protein topology with a hidden Markov model: application to complete genomes.
Krogh A et al. J Mol Biol 2001 Jan 19;305(3):567-80
PMID:21504829 - Yeast SREBP cleavage activation requires the Golgi Dsc E3 ligase complex.
Stewart EV et al. Mol Cell 2011 Apr 22;42(2):160-71
PMID:39476757 - Characterization of Ksg1 protein kinase-dependent phosphoproteome in the fission yeast S. pombe.
Cipak L et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024 Oct 25;736:150895
PMID:39705284 - Proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses reveal that TORC1 is reactivated by pheromone signaling during sexual reproduction in fission yeast.
Bérard M et al. PLoS Biol 2024 Dec 20;22(12):e3002963
PMID:21712547 - Mitotic substrates of the kinase aurora with roles in chromatin regulation identified through quantitative phosphoproteomics of fission yeast.
Koch A et al. Sci Signal 2011 Jun 28;4(179):rs6
PMID:33106658 - Atg9 is a lipid scramblase that mediates autophagosomal membrane expansion.
Matoba K et al. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2020 Dec;27(12):1185-1193
PMID:31941401 - Atg38-Atg8 interaction in fission yeast establishes a positive feedback loop to promote autophagy.
Yu ZQ et al. Autophagy 2020 Nov;16(11):2036-2051
PMID:24763107 - Absolute proteome and phosphoproteome dynamics during the cell cycle of Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission Yeast).
Carpy A et al. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014 Aug;13(8):1925-36
PMID:20473289 - Analysis of a genome-wide set of gene deletions in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Kim DU et al. Nat Biotechnol 2010 Jun;28(6):617-623
PMID:26365378 - ESCRTs Cooperate with a Selective Autophagy Receptor to Mediate Vacuolar Targeting of Soluble Cargos.
Liu XM et al. Mol Cell 2015 Sep 17;59(6):1035-42
PMID:27984744 - Survival in Quiescence Requires the Euchromatic Deployment of Clr4/SUV39H by Argonaute-Associated Small RNAs.
Joh RI et al. Mol Cell 2016 Dec 15;64(6):1088-1101
PMID:23697806 - A genome-wide resource of cell cycle and cell shape genes of fission yeast.
Hayles J et al. Open Biol 2013 May 22;3(5):130053
PMID:39367033 - Quantitative proteomics and phosphoproteomics profiling of meiotic divisions in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Sivakova B et al. Sci Rep 2024 Oct 04;14(1):23105
PMID:25720772 - Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals pathways for coordination of cell growth and division by the conserved fission yeast kinase pom1.
Kettenbach AN et al. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015 May;14(5):1275-87
PMID:30726745 - Fission Yeast NDR/LATS Kinase Orb6 Regulates Exocytosis via Phosphorylation of the Exocyst Complex.
Tay YD et al. Cell Rep 2019 Feb 05;26(6):1654-1667.e7
PMID:19778961 - Autophagy-deficient Schizosaccharomyces pombe mutants undergo partial sporulation during nitrogen starvation.
Mukaiyama H et al. Microbiology (Reading) 2009 Dec;155(Pt 12):3816-3826
PMID:21511999 - Comparative functional genomics of the fission yeasts.
Rhind N et al. Science 2011 May 20;332(6032):930-6
PMID:23950735 - Global analysis of fission yeast mating genes reveals new autophagy factors.
Sun LL et al. PLoS Genet 2013;9(8):e1003715
PMID:25803873 - Calnexin is essential for survival under nitrogen starvation and stationary phase in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Núñez A et al. PLoS One 2015;10(3):e0121059
PMID:28281664 - Genetic interactions and functional analyses of the fission yeast gsk3 and amk2 single and double mutants defective in TORC1-dependent processes.
Rallis C et al. Sci Rep 2017 Mar 10;7:44257
PMID:22681890 - Hierarchical modularity and the evolution of genetic interactomes across species.
Ryan CJ et al. Mol Cell 2012 Jun 08;46(5):691-704
PMID:33823663 - A TOR (target of rapamycin) and nutritional phosphoproteome of fission yeast reveals novel targets in networks conserved in humans.
Halova L et al. Open Biol 2021 Apr;11(4):200405
PMID:40931865 - Evolutionary diversification of the autophagy initiation complex: reduced Atg101 dependency and changes in Atg9 binding to Atg13.
Lai Z et al. Autophagy 2025 Sep 18;:1-18
PMID:40395999 - Cdc13 (cyclin B) is degraded by autophagy under sulfur depletion in fission yeast.
Ohtsuka H et al. Autophagy Rep 2022;1(1):51-64
PMID:26098123 - Promoter nucleosome dynamics regulated by signalling through the CTD code.
Materne P et al. Elife 2015 Jun 22;4:e09008
PMID:34250083 - Barcode sequencing and a high-throughput assay for chronological lifespan uncover ageing-associated genes in fission yeast.
Romila CA et al. Microb Cell 2021 Jul 05;8(7):146-160
PMID:37787768 - Broad functional profiling of fission yeast proteins using phenomics and machine learning.
Rodríguez-López M et al. Elife 2023 Oct 03;12
PMID:41917004 - Nucleophagy is promoted by two autophagy receptors and inhibited by chromatin-nuclear envelope tethering in fission yeast.
Ma ZH et al. Nat Commun 2026 Mar 31;
PMID:23101633 - Quantitative analysis of fission yeast transcriptomes and proteomes in proliferating and quiescent cells.
Marguerat S et al. Cell 2012 Oct 26;151(3):671-83
GO_REF:0000108 - Automatic assignment of GO terms using logical inference, based on on inter-ontology links.
GO_REF:0000024 - Manual transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs by curator judgment of sequence similarity.
PMID:28410370 - A systematic screen for morphological abnormalities during fission yeast sexual reproduction identifies a mechanism of actin aster formation for cell fusion.
Dudin O et al. PLoS Genet 2017 Apr;13(4):e1006721
GO_REF:0000033 - Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees